Ī total of 61 people have served as the president of the Indian National Congress since its formation. Nonetheless in 2004, when the Congress was voted back into power, Manmohan Singh became the first Prime Minister not to be the president of the party since establishment of the practice of the president holding both positions. Narasimha Rao also continued that practice. Gandhi institutionalised the practice of having the same person as the Congress President and the Prime Minister of India after the formation of Congress (I). In 1978, Gandhi split from the INC and formed a new opposition party, popularly called Congress (I), which the national election commission declared to be the real Indian National Congress for the 1984 general election. Despite being a party with a structure, Congress under Indira Gandhi did not hold any organisational elections after 1978. During Jawaharlal Nehru's premiership, he rarely held the Presidency of INC, even though he was always head of the Legislative Party. From 1933 onwards, there was no such fixed term for the president. From 1885 to 1933, the presidency had a term of one year only. Īfter the party's foundation in December 1885, Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee became its first president. The president of the party has effectively been the party's national leader, head of the party's organisation, head of the Working Committee, the chief spokesman, and all chief Congress committees. In the event of any emergency because of any cause such as the death or resignation of the president elected as above, the most senior General Secretary discharges the routine functions of the president until the Working Committee appoints a provisional president pending the election of a regular president by the AICC. Constitutionally, the president is elected by an electoral college composed of members drawn from the Pradesh Congress Committees and members of the All India Congress Committee (AICC). The president of the Indian National Congress is the highest command of the Indian National Congress (INC), one of the principal political parties in India.
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